Relations Between Tourism Spending and Global Competitiveness – an Empirical Study in Developed OECD Countries

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i21.175

Keywords:

tourism, global competitiveness index, expenditure, types of tourism spending, World Travel & Tourism Council, OECD

Abstract

Global trends indicate a systematic increase in the importance of tourism. From an economic point of view, spending plays an essential role in the spectrum of tourism services indicators. Simultaneously, the competitiveness of economies is a key economic indicator; thus, research in this area is considered beneficial. This study's objective was to assess the significance of the structure of clients' spending on tourism in the context of the global competitiveness of OECD countries, with the primary focus on the effect of individual types of tourism spending on competitiveness. Several analytical procedures were used in the processing, such as descriptive analysis, relationship analysis, regression analysis, and cluster analysis. Secondary data were included in the analyses, and these data represented six variables determining tourism spending obtained from the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) database: i - Business Tourism Spending (BTS), ii - Domestic Tourism Spending (DTS), iii - Internal T&T Consumption (ITTC), iv - Leisure Tourism Spending (LTS), v - Outbound Travel & Tourism Expenditure (OTTE), vi - Visitor Exports (Foreign spending) (VEFS); and one variable determining competitiveness: the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), which was obtained from reports published by the World Economic Forum (WEF). These data were collected for all OECD countries from 2010 to 2018. The results of the regression analysis clearly confirmed the effect of tourism spending on competitiveness in OECD countries. The most significant effects were found in BTS and OTTE, and the least significant impact was identified in VEFS. The results provide valuable information for strategic and development plan makers and institutions responsible for improving the business environment in tourism. The study and its results also offer space for developing national and international benchmarking indicators in this area.

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Author Biographies

Beata Gavurova, Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical university of Košice

Prof. Beata Gavurova, Ph.D.

Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical university of Košice, Park Komenského 19, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.

She is an expert in finance, financial analysis and financial risk management. She focuses in her research work on issues of measurement and performance management in various sectors, process management and process optimization, strategic and performance benchmarking. Her dominant research area is the development and testing in the management and performance measurement, the evaluation of methodologies and the preparation of an application platform for innovative management and performance measurement with the support of ICT.

Viera Ivankova, Department of Economics and Economy, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov

Mgr. Viera Ivankova

Department of Economics and Economy, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov, Konštantínova 16, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia, martin.rigelsky@gmail.com.

Viera Ivankova is a doctoral student at the Department of Economics and Economy of the University of Prešov. Her dominant areas of expertise are macroeconomics and microeconomics. In her scientific and research activities, she mainly focuses on health economics, addictology and tourism. 

Martin Rigelsky, Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov

Mgr. Martin Rigelsky

Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov, Konštantínova 16, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia, martin.rigelsky@gmail.com.

He currently works at the Department of Marketing and International Trade at the Faculty of Management of the University of Prešov. His scientific activities include, in particular, research in the field of economics with a focus on public health and tourism. He deals secondarily with marketing and customer behaviour. 

Magdaléna Přívarová, Department of Economics, Faculty of National Economy, University of Economics in Bratislava

Prof. Dr. Magdaléna Přívarová, professor at the Department of Economics, the University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovak Republic,  magdalena.privarova@euba.sk. Her research interests include international migration, EU labor market, and international regulation of labor migration and Enterprise Economics. She is the author of 13 Web of Science and 7 Scopus scientific papers.  

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Published

2020-12-31

How to Cite

Gavurova, B., Ivankova, V., Rigelsky, M., & Přívarová, M. (2020). Relations Between Tourism Spending and Global Competitiveness – an Empirical Study in Developed OECD Countries. Journal of Tourism and Services, 11(21), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i21.175